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Chapter 2: Q19DQ (page 538)

Can you think of circumstances in which a Doppler effect would be observed for surface waves in water? For elastic waves propagating in a body of water deep below the surface? If so, describe the circumstances and explain your reasoning. If not, explain why not

Short Answer

Expert verified

The velocity of the source of light can be calculated by taking the difference between the frequency from each side of the star. In this way, the velocity of rotation of the star can be easily calculated.

Step by step solution

01

Concept of the Doppler effect

A Doppler effect is seen in sound as well as in light. So, during the rotation of the stars one part of the star moves towards the observer and another part of the star moves away from the observer. Thus, the light which is moving away from the observer has a lower frequency and the light which is moving toward the observer has a higher frequency. The light with a lower frequency is known as “Red Shifted” because it has a high wavelength which makes it look red.

The velocity of the source of light can be calculated by taking the difference between the frequency from each side of the star. In this way, the velocity of rotation of the star can be easily calculated.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Tsunami! On December 26, 2004 , a great earthquake occurred off the coast of Sumatra and triggered immense waves (tsunami) that killed some 200,000 people. Satellites observing these waves from space measured 800 km from one wave crest to the next and a period between waves of 1.0 hour . What was the speed of these waves in m/s and in km/hr? Does your answer help you understand why the waves caused such devastation?

A turntable 1.50 m in diameter rotates at 75 rpm. Two speakers, each giving off sound of wavelength 31.3 cm, are attached to the rim of the table at opposite ends of a diameter. A listener stands in front of the turntable. (a) What is the greatest beat frequency the listener will receive from this system? (b) Will the listener be able to distinguish individual beats?

The motors that drive airplane propellers are, in some cases, tuned by using beats. The whirring motor produces a sound wave having the same frequency as the propeller. (a) If one single-bladed propeller is turning at 575rpm and you hear 2Hz beats when you run the second propeller, what are the two possible frequencies (in rpm) of the second propeller? (b) Suppose you increase the speed of the second propeller slightly and find that the beat frequency changes to 2.1Hz. In part (a), which of the two answers was the correct one for the frequency of the second single-bladed propeller? How do you know?

The sound source of a ship’s sonar system operates at a frequency of 18.0 kHz. The speed of sound in water (assumed to be at a uniform 20°C) is 1482 m>s. (a) What is the wavelength of the waves emitted by the source? (b) What is the difference in frequency between the directly radiated waves and the waves reflected from a whale traveling directly toward the ship at 4.95 m/s? The ship is at rest in the water.

A horizontal wire is stretched with a tension of 94.0 N, and the speed of transverse waves for the wire is 406 m/s. What must the amplitude of a traveling wave of frequency 69.0 Hz be for the average power carried by the wave to be 0.365 W?
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