Give an example to support each of the following arguments by Maslow: (a) It is very difficult to recognize and satisfy our highest-level needs (metaneeds), such as the love of truth and justice, because society teaches us that material rewards are more important. (b) True self esteem is based on real competence and significant achievement, rather than on external fame and unwarranted adulation.

The quest to realize one's full potential and achieve the pinnacle of personal growth is what Abraham Maslow referred to as 'self-actualization'. To Maslow, this state represents the ultimate goal in his hierarchy of needs—a psychological framework that categorizes human needs into a five-tier model, ranging from basic physiological requirements to the most complex psychological desires.

For an individual to reach self-actualization, they must first satisfy their more fundamental needs such as safety, love, and esteem. However, achieving this level can be challenging as it necessitates a deep personal introspection and a clear understanding of one's true self and potential. Various distractions, particularly materialistic desires propagated by societal norms, can obscure the path to self-actualization.

For instance, the societal focus on financial success or accumulating possessions might lead one to forsake personal passion or altruistic endeavors—key components of self-actualization. It's there where the individual must distinguish between the ephemeral pleasure brought on by material wealth and the enduring fulfillment that comes with self-discovery and personal growth. Such insight is not innate; it must be cultivated and prioritized above material gains.

Closely linked to the journey towards self-actualization is the concept of 'self-esteem'. Maslow identified it as one of the higher needs in his hierarchy, rooted in a person's self-perception and self-worth. But critically, Maslow drew a distinction between genuine self-esteem and the fleeting sense of confidence derived from external validation.

True self-esteem springs from our achievements, competencies, and the respect we garner within ourselves, not simply from fame or public admiration. For example, let's consider an individual who has acquired a new skill through dedication and practice. This mastery may not win them widespread acclaim or monetary rewards, but the growth they experience and the competence they earn can bolster their self-esteem profoundly. On the other hand, someone who seeks external approval without underlying substance, such as a social media influencer thriving on likes and followers, might not develop the same grounded sense of self-respect.

This contrast emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation—pursuing goals for personal satisfaction rather than external rewards. For educators and mentors, highlighting the value of inner fulfillment over social recognition can help guide young minds toward healthier self-esteem development.

The tension between materialism and self-fulfillment often arises from contrasting motivations and the pursuit of happiness. Materialism emphasizes acquiring and owning physical items as a measure of success, which is often glamorized by popular culture and social pressures.

However, Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that beyond our basic and psychological needs—like safety and belongingness—lies the potential for self-fulfillment. This is the drive to actualize personal aspirations and find purpose and meaning in life. It transcends materialistic desires, focusing on personal growth, creative expression, and the realization of one's talents and capacities.

An individual can witness this contrast in their own life when comparing the satisfaction derived from buying a new gadget versus the gratification of volunteering for a cause they are passionate about. While the former offers temporary pleasure, the latter contributes to a prolonged sense of purpose and contentment.

As society continues to promote consumerism as a shortcut to happiness, it becomes increasingly important to educate individuals on the distinction between materialistic cravings and the deeper pursuit of self-fulfillment. This knowledge is vital for long-term well-being and for aligning one's actions with personal values and goals.