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Chapter 10: Problem 2

Give an example to support each of the following arguments by Maslow: (a) It is very difficult to recognize and satisfy our highest-level needs (metaneeds), such as the love of truth and justice, because society teaches us that material rewards are more important. (b) True self-esteem is based on real competence and significant achievement, rather than on external fame and unwarranted adulation.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The first argument refers to the difficulty in recognizing and satisfying metaneeds, depicted in the example of a lawyer who finds it hard to follow his passion for seeking truth and justice due to society's overemphasis on material success. The second argument about self-esteem being based on personal competence and achievements rather than external fame can be seen in the comparison of two scientists, one focusing on genuine contributions to science and the other on external fame.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Maslow's Arguments

Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs, at its highest level are self-actualization needs also called metaneeds. It includes the love of truth, justice, etc. He also talked about true self-esteem, which is based on one's competence and achievements, not on external fame. The task is to give examples for these arguments.
02

Example for Argument A

Consider a common example: an individual who has spent years of his life studying law to seek truth and justice. Despite his passion and dedication, he struggles to satisfy his metaneeds because society appreciates celebrities more who attain materialistic wealth quickly.
03

Example for Argument B

An example can be of two scientists, one has dedicated his life to research, making significant discoveries, the other has spent his life promoting himself, gaining external fame. The one who has fufilled his metaneeds by making significant contributions to science would have a lasting self-esteem. These achievements cultivate self-esteem that is not dependent on external validation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A terrorist blows up a building in a hated foreign country. How might Maslow explain the terrorist's behavior?

The following statements by Maslow express significant disagreements with Freud: (a) "Growth is, in itself, a rewarding and exciting process \(\ldots .\) Given sufficient gratification, free choice, and lack of threat, [the child] renounces \(\ldots\) [the oral stage] himself. He doesn't have to be "kicked upstairs." " (b) "Healthy people welcome drive increases, and may well complain that the trouble with eating is that it kills my appetite." (c) "For the child who hasn't been loved enough, obviously the treatment of first choice [during psychotherapy] is to love him to death, to just slop it all over him." In each case, do you agree with Maslow or Freud? Why?

Maslow states that "every time [people] threaten someone, or humiliate or hurt [someone] unnecessarily, or dominate or reject another human being, they become forces for the creation of psychopathology." What does this imply about: (a) Athletes who use "trash talk" to put down their opponents? (b) Politicians who use negative and derogatory commercials to win an election?

According to Maslow, self-actualizing people taught him to see that too many people are "profoundly sick \(\ldots\) [because they] have their minds made up for them by salesmen, advertisers, parents, propagandists, TV, newspapers, and so on." Do you agree or disagree? Why?

(a) According to Maslow, a vast hunger for power is unlikely ever to be satisfied because it is actually an unconscious substitute for such fundamental needs as love or esteem. Do you agree or disagree? Why? (b) By classifying self-actualization as the highest need (and thus the last to emerge), Maslow takes the position that discovering and fulfilling your true potentials is extremely difficult. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
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