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Chapter 6: Problem 4

Glycolysis (shown below) is a critical metabolic pathway that is utilized by nearly all forms of life. The process of glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and converts 1 molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid. How many net ATP would be generated directly from glycolysis from the breakdown of 2 glucose molecules? (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) \(\underline{8}\) (D) 12

Short Answer

Expert verified
For each glucose molecule that goes through glycolysis, a net total of 2 ATP molecules are generated. So when considering the breakdown of 2 glucose molecules, the number of net ATP molecules would simply be doubled. That is, for 2 glucose molecules, \[Net ATP = 2 (net ATP per glucose molecule) * 2 (glucose molecules) = 4\]. However, there seems to be an error in the available choices as they don't account for the consumption of 2 ATP before the glycolysis process starts.

Step by step solution

01

Recall the net ATP generation from glycolysis for one glucose molecule

For each glucose molecule that goes through glycolysis, the cell generates a net total of 2 ATP molecules.
02

Calculate net ATP generation for 2 glucose molecules through glycolysis

Since we know that glycolysis of 1 glucose molecule generates 2 ATP molecules, we can simply multiply this by the number of glucose molecules being processed. Net ATP molecules for 2 glucose molecules = 2 (net ATP per glucose molecule) × 2 (number of glucose molecules)
03

Calculate the result

Now, plug in the values and calculate the net ATP generated from glycolysis for 2 glucose molecules: Net ATP molecules = 2 × 2 = 4 However, since 2 molecules of ATP are consumed in the initial steps of glycolysis, the net production will be the difference between the total ATP production and the consumption in the beginning steps. Net ATP generation = 4 (total ATP production) - 2 (ATP consumed) = 2
04

Multiply the net ATP generation per glucose molecule by the number of glucose molecules

Since we know the net ATP generated by the glycolysis of one glucose molecule, we can now multiply this by the number of glucose molecules being processed. Net ATP for 2 glucose molecules = 2 (net ATP per glucose molecule) × 2 (number of glucose molecules)
05

Calculate the result

Now, plug in the values and calculate the net ATP generated from glycolysis for 2 glucose molecules: Net ATP molecules = 2 × 2 = 4 However, due to an error in information transmission, the available choices don't account for the consumption of 2 ATP before the glycolysis process. It is recommended to consult textbooks or discuss with a biology teacher for clarification on this case.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Two groups of cells were grown under identical conditions. Mitochondria from each group were isolated and half of them were placed in a low pH (approximately \(\mathrm{pH}\) 6.8) and the other half were placed in a neutral \(\mathrm{pH}\). Small molecules were allowed to diffuse across the outer membrane via facilitated diffusion. Both samples were exposed to oxygen bubbles through the growth media. What would you expect to see in terms of ATP production in the sample of cells placed in a low \(\mathrm{pH},\) with respect to the control population? (A) ATP production decreases. (B) ATP production increases. (C) ATP production stays the same. (D) ATP production ceases entirely.

The mitochondrion is a critical organelle structure involved in cellular respiration. Below is a simple schematic of the structure of a mitochondrion. Which of the structural components labeled below in the mitochondrion is the primary location of the Krebs cycle? (A) Inner membrane (B) Matrix (C) Intermembrane space (D) Outer membrane

Glycolysis (shown below) is a critical metabolic pathway that is utilized by nearly all forms of life. The process of glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and converts 1 molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid. Glycolysis does not require oxygen to occur in cells. However, under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis normally requires fermentation pathways to occur to continue to produce ATP. Which best describes why glycolysis is dependent on fermentation under anaerobic conditions? (A) Glycolysis requires fermentation to produce more glucose as a substrate. (B) Glycolysis requires fermentation to synthesize lactic acid and restore NADH to NAD \(^{+}\). (C) Glycolysis requires fermentation to generate ATP molecules to complete the early steps of the pathway. (D) Glycolysis requires fermentation to generate pyruvate for a later step in the pathway.

The biggest difference between an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction is that (A) the free energy between the reactants and the products does not change (B) the free energy difference between the reactants and the products does not change (C) the catalyzed reaction would not occur without the enzyme (D) a different amount of energy is required to reach the transition state of the reaction

Glycolysis (shown below) is a critical metabolic pathway that is utilized by nearly all forms of life. The process of glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and converts 1 molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid. Which of the following most accurately describes the net reaction of glycolysis? (A) It is an endergonic process because it results in a net increase in energy. (B) It is an exergonic process because it results in a net increase in energy. (C) It is an endergonic process because it results in a net decrease in energy. (D) It is an exergonic process because it results in a net decrease in energy.
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