Chapter 1: Problem 5

Describe how the psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development.

Short Answer

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The psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development as a series of stages with conflicts that shape our behaviors and personality traits. Early childhood events, particularly the resolution of conflicts, significantly impact lifelong patterns of behavior. The perspective also emphasizes the role of unconscious factors and early experiences in shaping personality.

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Introduction to the Psychodynamic Perspective

The psychodynamic perspective was developed by Sigmund Freud. It emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior. Freud believed that early childhood experiences are crucial to the formation of adult personality and behavior. He suggested that personality has three parts: the id (primitive, instinctual desires), the ego (the realistic aspect that balances the id and superego), and the superego (the moral consciousness).

Explaining Lifespan Development from a Psychodynamic Perspective

In the context of lifespan development, the psychodynamic perspective posits that childhood experiences shape the lifelong patterns of behavior. For instance, during the five stages of Freud's theory of psychosexual development (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital), a person may become fixated because of some conflict, and this fixation can affect their personality and behavior in the future. Early experiences, such as the relationship with one's mother (Freud believed boys would desire their mothers and then identify with their fathers in order to resolve this conflict), are hub to understanding adult behavior.

Other Psychodynamic Theorists and Lifespan Development

Other psychodynamic theorists like Erik Erikson expanded on Freud's theories. Erikson proposed an eight-stage theory of psychosocial development where social relationships are important at each stage of life. Carl Jung, another seminal psychodynamic thinker, also emphasized 'individuation,' a lifelong process of personal development.

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Describe how the psychodynamic perspective explains lifespan development.

Short Answer

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Introduction to the Psychodynamic Perspective

Explaining Lifespan Development from a Psychodynamic Perspective

Other Psychodynamic Theorists and Lifespan Development

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