Chapter 11: Problem 3

Summarize the ways in which the brain develops in adolescence.

Short Answer

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The adolescent brain undergoes a variety of developments such as a rapid growth spurt, synaptic pruning, strengthening of the prefrontal cortex, changes in the limbic system, and maturation of the brain's reward system which influence behavior, emotion processing, and cognition. These processes play a significant role in the behaviors and experiences during adolescence.

Step by step solution

Discussing the Brain Growth Spurts

The brain experiences a rapid growth spurt during early adolescence. The volume of white matter (nerve fibers that transmit signals) and gray matter (neuron cell bodies) increase, improving the brain's processing abilities.

Understanding Synaptic Pruning

A vital process that occurs in the adolescent brain is synaptic pruning, where the brain eliminates weaker synaptic contacts while stronger connections are reinforced. This process increases the efficiency of neuronal transmissions.

The Strengthening of the Prefrontal Cortex

The prefrontal cortex, responsible for high cognitive functions, continues to mature throughout adolescence. It strengthens connections for improved cognitive and executive functioning.

Changes in the Limbic System

Adolescence is associated with increased activity in the limbic system, which contributes to emotional processing, risk-taking behavior, and reward seeking.

Maturation of the Brain's Reward System

During adolescence, the brain's reward system also matures leading to heightened sensitivity to rewards and increased risk-taking behavior.

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Summarize the ways in which the brain develops in adolescence.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Discussing the Brain Growth Spurts

Understanding Synaptic Pruning

The Strengthening of the Prefrontal Cortex

Changes in the Limbic System

Maturation of the Brain's Reward System

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