Describe the general state of health of older people and to what disorders they are susceptible. Although some people are healthy, the incidence of certain serious diseases rises in old age and the ability to recuperate declines. Most older people suffer from at least one long-term ailment. The leading causes of death in old age are heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Older people are also susceptible to psychological disorders, such as depression, and brain disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease.

As we age, our bodies naturally undergo various changes, and with these changes come an increased risk of contracting age-related diseases. These are health conditions that appear to increase in frequency as the population ages. Common examples include arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis, and cataracts.

One primary reason behind the prevalence of such diseases is the gradual decline of cellular function over time, which can lead to systemic failures. This is further compounded by the fact that the immune system weakens with age, making it more challenging to fight off infections. Another significant aspect is the cumulative effect of a lifetime's worth of exposure to environmental factors like pollution and UV radiation, which can contribute heavily to the onset of these diseases.

It's critical for healthcare providers to monitor aging patients for signs of these diseases, as early detection can lead to better management and improved quality of life.

Living with long-term ailments is a reality for many elderly individuals. These ailments, also known as chronic conditions, may include diseases such as hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or chronic kidney disease. These conditions are characterized by their long duration and generally slow progression.

Managing these long-term ailments often requires a comprehensive approach that includes medication, lifestyle changes, and, sometimes, home-based care or assistance. Importantly, these chronic conditions can substantially impact an elderly person's independence, mobility, and overall quality of life. Therefore, it's essential to provide support systems, whether through family, community services, or healthcare providers, to help manage the day-to-day challenges faced by seniors with chronic conditions.

Mental health is as crucial as physical health, especially in the aging population. Psychological disorders among the elderly, such as depression and anxiety, often go under-recognized and can have severe consequences on their overall well-being. Contributing factors may include loss of a loved one, physical health issues, and changes in social status or financial stability.

Depression, for instance, is not a normal part of aging, yet it's a common condition that affects older adults, often due to isolation and declining physical ability. Additionally, cognitive decline and the onset of dementia-related conditions can also lead to mental health challenges. Prompt detection and supportive psychological care can markedly improve the mental health of the elderly, allowing them to lead more fulfilling lives.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects seniors, leading to memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. Alzheimer's is characterized by the degeneration and death of brain cells, which leads to a steady decline in memory and mental function.

The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, but it's believed to result from a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors that affect the brain over time. There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's, but there are treatments available that can temporarily slow the worsening of dementia symptoms and improve the quality of life for those with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. Clinical research is ongoing, looking for new treatments and ultimately a cure.