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Chapter 3: Problem 11

Describe how information-processing approaches explain cognitive development in infants, and summarize the memory capabilities of infants in the first 2 years of life.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The information-processing approach describes the cognitive development in infants as the processing of information from the environment, similar to data input and output in a computer. Infants manipulate this information based on their self-directed goals and store it for making future decisions. Infants' memory over the first two years of life develops from recognition memory to recall memory, both of which play crucial roles in their cognitive development.

Step by step solution

01

Define Information-Processing Approach

Firstly, define the term 'Information-Processing Approach'. It refers to how individuals take in, use, and store information. It assumes that cognitive maturation is a gradual, continuous process and that individuals actively manipulate information coming in from the environment. It draws upon computer processing to understand how we think, remember, learn, and solve problems.
02

Information-Processing Approach and Cognitive Development in Infancy

Now, explain how the information-processing approach relates to cognitive development in infants. The cognitive function in infants can be compared to a computer where information from the environment is taken in, encoded, stored, and then retrieved. This cognitive development is influenced by an infant’s self-directed goals, gradually learning to manipulate information and use stored information to make decisions and solve problems. Examples include object permanence understanding and progression from sensorimotor activity to internal mental activity.
03

Memory Capabilities of Infants

Finally, summarize the memory capabilities of infants in the first 2 years of life. An infant's memory develops over the first two years of life. Research indicates that it begins with a recognition memory, recognizing previously encountered events, objects, and people. Later, recall memory develops, the active retrieval of experiences out of the past. The longer an infant can hold onto and recall memory, the more likely it is to contribute to their cognitive development.

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