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Chapter 9: Problem 2

Summarize the physical changes that occur in old age.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Some of the physical changes that occur in old age are: the slight enlargement of the heart, the loss of elasticity in the arteries and veins, decline in muscle tissue and flexibility, brittleness of the bones, and declines in vision, hearing, taste, and smell. Also, the elderly might experience changes in their digestive system such as difficulty swallowing and decreased production of stomach acid.

Step by step solution

01

Cardiovascular System Changes

In old age, the heart tends to enlarge slightly and the rate of heartbeats per minute slows down. Arteries and veins can become less elastic, causing a rise in blood pressure. These changes may lead to heart-related problems.
02

Muscular System Changes

The muscle tissue shrinks and becomes less flexible in old age. This leads to less strength and coordination. However, regular exersise can help reduce the loss of muscle mass and strength.
03

Skeletal System Changes

Bones lose density and become brittle, which can lead to conditions like osteoporosis. Also, joints may become stiffer and less flexible.
04

Sensory System Changes

In old age, there might be declines in vision, hearing, taste, and smell. For instance, many older people have difficulty reading small print or need more light to see clearly. Hearing can also become less sharp.
05

Digestive System Changes

Digestive system changes in the elderly can include difficulty in swallowing, decreased production of stomach acid, and slower processing of the food in the stomach.

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