Which of the following concepts is being illustrated in each of the examples below: cognitive dissonance, stereotyping. stereotype threat, in-group bias, out-group homogeneity? A group of employees in the marketing department went out to lunch. They started to complain about the people who worked in accounting. One of them said, "Oh, well, you know those number crunchers are all alike. They just aren't very creative.

Before identifying the concept in the example, let's understand the meanings of each concept: 1. Cognitive dissonance: The uncomfortable feeling or tension that arises when we have conflicting attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors. It often leads to an attempt to reduce the discomfort by changing our attitudes or beliefs. 2. Stereotyping: Making generalized and oversimplified beliefs about a specific group of people, often leading to biased judgments and expectations. 3. Stereotype threat: The fear or expectation that a person will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype, often leading to increased anxiety and stereotype-confirming behavior. 4. In-group bias: The tendency for individuals to favor members of their group or category over those from other groups, usually due to a sense of belonging and identification with the in-group. 5. Out-group homogeneity: The tendency to perceive members of a group different from our own as more similar to one another than they actually are, which often leads to stereotypes and prejudiced attitudes.

In the given example, a group of employees from the marketing department are complaining about the people from the accounting department. One of them makes a generalized statement that all accountants are "number crunchers" and not very creative.

Based on the given situation and understanding of the concepts, the example illustrates the concept of "stereotyping." The employees are labeling all accountants based on an oversimplified and generalized belief, assuming that all accountants are not creative and only focus on crunching numbers.