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Chapter 6: Problem 3

Christopher used to drink water from a drinking fountain just before physics class. One time, he felt nauseated right after drinking the water. After that, to avoid the risk of nausea, he stopped drinking at the fountain. Christopher learned a connection between the water fountain and feeling nauseated because he experienced __________ . a. acquisition b. extinction c. spontaneous recovery d. counterconditioning

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct answer is a. Acquisition.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the Options

First, we need to understand what each term means in the context of classical conditioning. \n\na. Acquisition: This is when a new behavior is learned or established. \n\nb. Extinction: This is when the learned behavior is eliminated over time, usually due to a lack of reinforcement. \n\nc. Spontaneous recovery: This is when a previously extinguished behavior reemerges after a certain period of time. \n\nd. Counterconditioning: This is a technique employed to replace a negative or unwanted behavior with a positive one.
02

Analyzing the Scenario

Now, looking at Christopher’s scenario, he used to drink water from the fountain before class. He then had a bad experience where he felt nauseated after drinking the water. From then on, he associated drinking water from the fountain with feeling sick and decided to stop drinking from it to avoid feeling nauseated again. This scenario is a learning process where a new behavior (avoidance of the water fountain) was established following a negative stimulus (feeling nauseated).
03

Choose the Correct Option

When we compare the scenario with all the given options, we find that it best aligns with 'acquisition'. After the experience of nausea, Christopher learned and acquired a new behavior of not drinking from the fountain. None of the other options quite fit the scenario.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Lola's new dog, Hoss, is afraid of loud noises. Every time her cell phone rings, Hoss starts barking out of fear. After a while, Hoss also starts barking when a phone rings on a television show. The fact that Hoss now barks when he hears a telephone ring on TV is most likely due to __________. a. stimulus discrimination b. stimulus generalization c. spontaneous recovery d. second-order conditioning

Ajeet's younger sister is always bugging him. One day, Ajeet lets her play his video game, and she stops bugging him for several hours. Ajeet now lets her play his video game more and more, because doing so stops her from bugging him. Ajeet's learning in this situation is best explained by __________. a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment

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Dante often shopped at the same grocery store. One day, another customer asked Dante if he knew where the plastic storage containers were located in the store. Dante immediately gave directions to the correct aisle, even though he had never bought plastic storage containers from that store. The fact that Dante knew the location of the containers is best explained by _________. a. insight learning b. vicarious conditioning c. latent learning d. continuous reinforcement

Sanjay's roommate has a habit of chewing gum very loudly. At first, Sanjay found the noise really disruptive when he was studying. After a week, however, the noise stopped bothering him. Sanjay's adjustment resulted from a type of learning called ________. a. habituation b. sensitization c. conditioning d. modeling
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