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Chapter 6: Problem 4

Lola's new dog, Hoss, is afraid of loud noises. Every time her cell phone rings, Hoss starts barking out of fear. After a while, Hoss also starts barking when a phone rings on a television show. The fact that Hoss now barks when he hears a telephone ring on TV is most likely due to __________. a. stimulus discrimination b. stimulus generalization c. spontaneous recovery d. second-order conditioning

Short Answer

Expert verified
The fact that Hoss now barks when he hears a telephone ring on TV is most likely due to stimulus generalization (Option B).

Step by step solution

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1. Option A - Stimulus Discrimination

Stimulus discrimination is when an organism learns to differentiate between two similar stimuli and responds differently to them. In this case, if Hoss only barked at Lola's phone ringing and not at phones ringing on TV, it would be stimulus discrimination. However, Hoss barks at both, so this option is incorrect.
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2. Option B - Stimulus Generalization

Stimulus generalization is when an organism learns to respond in a similar way to related stimuli. In this case, Hoss initially started barking in response to Lola's phone ringing and has now generalized his barking response to phones ringing on TV shows. This option seems to be the most appropriate answer for the behavior described in the problem.
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3. Option C - Spontaneous Recovery

Spontaneous recovery is when a previously extinguished response returns after some time. In this case, we have no information about any extinguished responses. Therefore, this option is not relevant to the problem.
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4. Option D - Second-Order Conditioning

Second-order conditioning is when a conditioned stimulus is paired with another neutral stimulus, and the neutral stimulus begins to elicit the conditioned response. In this case, there is no mention of another neutral stimulus being paired with the ringing phone. So, this option is not applicable to the problem. Based on the above analysis, stimulus generalization (Option B) best explains Hoss's behavior.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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