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Chapter 14: Problem 16

The concept of learned helplessness was formulated by Seligman to explain the _____________. a. inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks b. failure of dogs to learn to from prior mistakes c. ability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable shocks d. inability of dogs to learn to help other dogs escape situations in which they are receiving uncontrollable electric shocks

Short Answer

Expert verified
The concept of learned helplessness was formulated by Seligman to explain the 'inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks'. Therefore, the correct answer is 'a'.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Learned Helplessness

Learned helplessness is a mental state in which an organism is forced to bear adverse stimuli, and becomes unable or unwilling to avoid subsequent encounters with those stimuli, even if they are escapable. This theory was conceptualized by Martin Seligman.
02

Analyzing Each Option

Option a talks about 'inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks', which captures the essence of learned helplessness. Option b alludes to dogs failing to learn from prior mistakes, but this is a simplistic view that does not capture the entire concept of learned helplessness. Options c and d deal with the concept of dogs helping other dogs to escape, which is not related to learned helplessness, as this concept focuses on the individual's response to detrimental situations based on past experiences.
03

Choosing the Correct Option

By matching the content of each option to the concept of learned helplessness, it is clear that Option a best describes the concept.

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