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Chapter 3: Problem 29

Chemical messengers are used in both the nervous system and the endocrine system. What properties do these two systems share? What properties are different? Which one would be faster? Which one would result in long-lasting changes?

Short Answer

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Both the nervous and endocrine systems use chemical messengers to transmit signals, but the method and speed of transmission differ. The nervous system, using neurotransmitters, is faster and results in quick but short-lived changes. The endocrine system, using hormones, is slower but results in long-lasting changes.

Step by step solution

01

Identify Shared Properties

Both the nervous and endocrine systems use chemical messengers to transmit signals. In the nervous system, these are known as neurotransmitters, while in the endocrine system they are known as hormones. Both systems rely on these messengers to regulate a wide array of body functions.
02

Identify Differences

While the method of communication is somewhat similar, there are significant differences between the two systems. The nervous system transmits signals via specialized cells called neurons through electrical impulses, and the effects of these signals are often immediate but short-lived. The endocrine system, on the other hand, transmits signals in the form of hormones through the bloodstream. These signals can take a while to have an effect, but they tend to be longer lasting.
03

Determine Speed and Long-term Impacts

In terms of speed, the nervous system is significantly faster since it uses electrical impulses transmitted along neurons. However, for long-term changes, the endocrine system is more effective. Hormones released into the bloodstream can have effects that last from a few hours to a few days, and some hormones can have lasting effects on the body.

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