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Chapter 6: Problem 20

Explain how the processes of stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination are considered opposites.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination are oppositional psychological processes. Generalization involves a broadening of response, where an organism exhibits similar responses to different but similar stimuli. On the opposite end, discrimination involves a narrowing of response where an organism learns to differentiate between similar stimuli and respond differently to each. Basically, while generalization groups similar stimuli together, discrimination tells them apart.

Step by step solution

01

Define Stimulus Generalization

Stimulus generalization refers to the tendency of a learned response to be elicited not only by the original stimulus but also by stimuli that are similar to it. This process plays a critical role in learning and adaptation, as it allows organisms to react appropriately to a range of similar stimuli, even those not previously encountered. This occurs when an organism learns to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli.
02

Define Stimulus Discrimination

Stimulus discrimination is the ability of an organism to differentiate between two or more similar stimuli. This means the organism learns to make specific responses to specific stimuli. It involves the ability to perceive and respond differently to stimuli that are distinct but similar. It occurs when an organism learns to respond differently to various stimuli.
03

Describe How They Are Opposites

Stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination are considered opposites primarily due to their contrasting effects. While generalization involves responding similarly to different but similar stimuli, discrimination involves distinguishing between similar stimuli and responding differently. Essentially, generalization leads to a broadening of response while discrimination leads to a narrowing of response.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Watson and Rayner's experiments, Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat, and then he began to be afraid of other furry white objects. This demonstrates _____ a. higher order conditioning b. acquisition c. stimulus discrimination d. stimulus generalization

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