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Chapter 6: Problem 29

Can you think of an example in your life of how classical conditioning has produced a positive emotional response, such as happiness or excitement? How about a negative emotional response, such as fear, anxiety, or anger?

Short Answer

Expert verified
In terms of positive emotional response, an example could be feeling happiness from hearing a favorite song, which was played during a happy event. For negative emotional response, an example could be feeling fear from the sight of dogs after having a past traumatic experience with one.

Step by step solution

01

Identifying Classical conditioning

Classical conditioning is a type of learning that had been introduced by Ivan Pavlov. The term represents a process that pairs a neutral stimulus with a reflex. Over time, this process causes a neutral stimulus to elicit a response.
02

Example of Positive Classical Conditioning

An example of a positive emotional response due to classical conditioning could be associated with a favorite song. Let's take an instance where you hear a certain song (neutral stimulus) during a happy event (unconditioned stimulus). The happiness felt during the event (unconditioned response) eventually becomes associated with the song. Thus, whenever the song is played later on, it evokes happiness (conditioned response).
03

Example of Negative Classical Conditioning

A negative emotional response could be exemplified by fear of dogs. Here, if you were bitten by a dog (unconditioned stimulus) in the past, ironically, you now develop a fear of dogs (unconditioned response). As time goes on, the presence of any dog (neutral stimulus) now trigger the fear (conditioned response).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Cara is 17 years old. Cara's mother and father both drink alcohol every night. They tell Cara that drinking is bad and she shouldn't do it. Cara goes to a party where beer is being served. What do you think Cara will do? Why?

Slot machines reward gamblers with money according to which reinforcement schedule? a. fixed ratio b. variable ratio c. fixed interval d. variable interval

Extinction occurs when _____ a. the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulus b. the unconditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with a conditioned stimulus c. the neutral stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulus d. the neutral stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with a conditioned stimulus.

What is the difference between a reflex and a learned behavior?

Explain the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment, and provide several examples of each based on your own experiences.
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