Chapter 7: Problem 37

Describe the relationship between learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities to intelligence.

Short Answer

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A learning disability affects specific aspects of learning but does not impact overall intelligence. An intellectual disability, however, is characterized by limitations in overall intellectual functioning, thus directly affecting intelligence. These two can co-occur in some individuals.

Step by step solution

Understand key terms

Firstly, it's necessary to have clear definitions of all the important terms. A learning disability refers to a variety of disorders that affect the acquisition, retention, understanding, organisation or use of verbal and/or non-verbal information. Intellectual disability, in contrast, is characterised by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning (i.e., reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior. Intelligence can be defined in general as the capability to learn, adapt to new situations, understand and handle abstract concepts and use knowledge to manipulate the environment.

Describe the relationship

Now that we have defined the key concepts, let's discuss their relationships. A person with a learning disability may struggle with specific aspects of learning, such as reading or math, but it does not affect their overall intelligence. On the other hand, someone with an intellectual disability has limitations in intellectual functioning, which includes overall intelligence. Thus, intellectual disabilities have a more direct relationship with intelligence. One person can have a learning disability without having an intellectual disability, and vice versa. However, both can co-occur in some individuals.

Conclude the comparison

In conclusion, the relationship between learning and intellectual disabilities to intelligence is intricate. A learning disability doesn't necessarily affect a person's overall intelligence, whereas an intellectual disability does involve limitations in overall intellectual functioning. But, both learning and intellectual disabilities can coexist in the same individual.

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Describe the relationship between learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities to intelligence.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understand key terms

Describe the relationship

Conclude the comparison

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