After repeatedly pairing a tone with meat powder, Pavlov found that a dog will salivate when the tone is presented. Salivation to the tone is \(a(n)\) A. unconditioned stimulus. B. unconditioned response. C. conditioned stimulus.

To answer the exercise, let's first understand the four main concepts involved in classical conditioning: 1. Unconditioned Stimulus (US): A stimulus that naturally leads to a specific response without any prior learning (e.g., the meat powder). 2. Unconditioned Response (UR): A natural, automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus (e.g., the dog's salivation due to the meat powder). 3. Conditioned Stimulus (CS): A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to elicit the same response (e.g., the tone after being paired with the meat powder). 4. Conditioned Response (CR): The learned response to a previously neutral stimulus, which has become a conditioned stimulus (e.g., the dog's salivation in response to the tone).

Let's identify the elements of the exercise according to the previously explained concepts: 1. The tone, after being paired with the meat powder, would be the Conditioned Stimulus (CS). 2. The dog's salivation would be the Conditioned Response (CR).

Now that we have identified the elements within the exercise, we can find the correct answer: A. Unconditioned Stimulus: This does not fit our situation, as the tone is not an unconditioned stimulus but rather a conditioned stimulus. B. Unconditioned Response: This is also incorrect, since the dog's salivation in response to the tone is a conditioned response. C. Conditioned Stimulus: This does not pertain to the dog's salivation but instead the tone, so it does not fit our answer. D. Conditioned Response: This is the correct answer as it describes the dog's salivation when the tone is presented, which is a learned response resulting from the pairing of the tone and the meat powder.