Chapter 2: Problem 6
Which president issued Executive Order 9066, which led to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II? A. Dwight D. Eisenhower B. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Harry S Truman D. Woodrow Wilson
Short Answer
Expert verified
B. Franklin D. Roosevelt
Step by step solution
01
Understand the Context
The question asks about the president who issued Executive Order 9066, which is related to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. This event took place during the early 1940s.
02
Identify Relevant Presidents
Look at the list of presidents provided in the options and identify those who were in office during World War II: Dwight D. Eisenhower, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S Truman, and Woodrow Wilson. Consider note that World War II occurred from 1939 to 1945.
03
Eliminate Irrelevant Options
Woodrow Wilson was president from 1913 to 1921, and Dwight D. Eisenhower served from 1953 to 1961, so they are not relevant to the period of World War II. This leaves Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S Truman.
04
Recall Specific Historical Actions
Franklin D. Roosevelt was president for the majority of World War II and issued numerous executive orders during his term. Harry S Truman became president at the end of the war after Roosevelt's death in April 1945. Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, which aligns with Roosevelt's presidency.
05
Confirm the President
Given that Franklin D. Roosevelt was the president in 1942 when Executive Order 9066 was issued, the correct choice is Roosevelt.
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Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
Japanese American Internment
During World War II, an event known as the Japanese American Internment took place. On February 19, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. This order authorized the forced relocation and internment of around 120,000 Japanese Americans. Most were U.S. citizens. They were moved to internment camps located in remote areas across the country, mainly in the western United States.
The decision was influenced by fears of espionage and potential sabotage after the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan.
Lives were disrupted, properties lost, and communities broken. The internment camps were often surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by military police.
Conditions were harsh, with inadequate housing and insufficient medical care. Despite these hardships, many Japanese Americans showed resilience. They built communities within the camps, created schools, and participated in cultural activities.
After the war, many internees faced struggles to rebuild their lives. Nevertheless, the internment remains a dark chapter in American history, raising significant questions about civil liberties and justice.
The decision was influenced by fears of espionage and potential sabotage after the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan.
Lives were disrupted, properties lost, and communities broken. The internment camps were often surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by military police.
Conditions were harsh, with inadequate housing and insufficient medical care. Despite these hardships, many Japanese Americans showed resilience. They built communities within the camps, created schools, and participated in cultural activities.
After the war, many internees faced struggles to rebuild their lives. Nevertheless, the internment remains a dark chapter in American history, raising significant questions about civil liberties and justice.
World War II
World War II was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved most of the world's nations, including all the great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
The war began on September 1, 1939, when Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. This prompted Britain and France to declare war on Germany. The conflict soon spread worldwide.
In December 1941, the U.S. entered the war following Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. This attack prompted the issuance of Executive Order 9066 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
WWII saw the widespread use of advanced military technology and marked a significant period of military and civilian mobilization. It led to massive destruction and a high number of casualties. The war ended in 1945 with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers.
The aftermath included the formation of the United Nations, created to foster international cooperation and prevent future conflicts. World War II also laid the groundwork for the Cold War, setting the stage for the geopolitical dynamics of the late 20th century.
The war began on September 1, 1939, when Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. This prompted Britain and France to declare war on Germany. The conflict soon spread worldwide.
In December 1941, the U.S. entered the war following Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. This attack prompted the issuance of Executive Order 9066 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
WWII saw the widespread use of advanced military technology and marked a significant period of military and civilian mobilization. It led to massive destruction and a high number of casualties. The war ended in 1945 with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers.
The aftermath included the formation of the United Nations, created to foster international cooperation and prevent future conflicts. World War II also laid the groundwork for the Cold War, setting the stage for the geopolitical dynamics of the late 20th century.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt, often referred to as FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States. He served from March 4, 1933, to April 12, 1945. FDR is notable for leading the country through two major crises: the Great Depression and World War II.
He was elected to an unprecedented four terms in office, a testament to his popularity and the trust the American people placed in him. Under his leadership, several important policies and actions were implemented.
Roosevelt's New Deal policies aimed to provide economic relief and recovery during the Great Depression. These programs included public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations.
During World War II, FDR played a crucial role in shaping the Allied strategy against the Axis powers. He worked closely with other Allied leaders like Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin.
One of the more controversial decisions during his presidency was the signing of Executive Order 9066, leading to the internment of Japanese Americans.
Despite this, FDR's legacy includes his efforts to strengthen the economy and his leadership during one of the most challenging times in American history.
He was elected to an unprecedented four terms in office, a testament to his popularity and the trust the American people placed in him. Under his leadership, several important policies and actions were implemented.
Roosevelt's New Deal policies aimed to provide economic relief and recovery during the Great Depression. These programs included public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations.
During World War II, FDR played a crucial role in shaping the Allied strategy against the Axis powers. He worked closely with other Allied leaders like Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin.
One of the more controversial decisions during his presidency was the signing of Executive Order 9066, leading to the internment of Japanese Americans.
Despite this, FDR's legacy includes his efforts to strengthen the economy and his leadership during one of the most challenging times in American history.