Chapter 1

A proposed mechanism for a reaction is as follows: $\begin{array}{cc}{\mathrm{NO}_{2}+\mathrm{F}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2} \mathrm{F}+\mathrm{F}} & {\text { Slow step }} \\ {\mathrm{F}+\mathrm{NO}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2} \mathrm{F}} & {\text { Fast step }}\end{array}$ What is the order of the overall reaction? (A) Zero order (B) First order (C) Second order (D) Third order

The following reaction is found to be at equilibrium at 25°C: \(2 \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g) \leftrightarrow \mathrm{O}_{2}(g)+2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g) \quad \Delta H=-198 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) The solubility product, \(K_{s p}\) , of \(\mathrm{AgCl}\) is \(1.8 \times 10^{-10}\) . Which of the following expressions is equal to the solubility of \(\mathrm{AgCl}\)? (A) \(\left(1.8 \times 10^{-10}\right)^{2}\) molar (B) \(\frac{1.8 \times 10^{-10}}{2}\) molar (C) \(1.8 \times 10^{-10}\) molar (D) \(\sqrt{1.8 \times 10^{-10}}\) molar

The six carbon atoms in a benzene molecule are shown in different resonance forms as three single bonds and three double bonds. If the length of a single carbon-carbon bond is 154 pm and the length of a double of a single carbon bond is \(133 \mathrm{pm},\) what length would be expected for the carbon-carbon bonds in benzene? (A) 126 \(\mathrm{pm}\) (B) 133 \(\mathrm{pm}\) (C) 140 \(\mathrm{pm}\) (D) 154 \(\mathrm{pm}\)

What is the mass of oxygen in 148 grams of calcium hydroxide \(\left(\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\right)\) ? (A) 24 grams (B) 32 grams (C) 48 grams (D) 64 grams

What is the most likely electron configuration for a sodium ion? (A) 1\(s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{5}\) (B) 1\(s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6}\) (C) 1\(s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\) (D) 1\(s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{5} 3 s^{2}\)

For the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which element (if any) is being reduced, and which is being oxidized? $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\hline & {\text { Oxidized }} & {\text { Reduced }} \\\ \hline \text { (A) Hydrogen } & {\text { Oxygen }} \\ \hline \text { (B) Oxygen } & {\text { None }} \\ \hline \text { (C) None }\\\ \hline \text { (D) Oxygen} & {\text { Oxygen}} \\ \hline\end{array}$

A sample of a compound known to consist of only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is found to have a total mass of 29.05 g. If the mass of the carbon is 18.02 g and the mass of the hydrogen is 3.03 g, what is the empirical formula of the compound? (A) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{O}\) (B) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}\) (C) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (D) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2}\)

Which of the following statements is true regarding sodium and chlorine? (A) Sodium has greater electronegativity and a larger first ionization energy. (B) Sodium has a larger first ionization energy and a larger atomic radius. (C) Chlorine has a larger atomic radius and a greater electronegativity. (D) Chlorine has greater electronegativity and a larger first ionization energy.

\(2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) Based on the information given in the table below, what is \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for the above reaction? \(\begin{array}{cc}{\text { Bond }} & {\text { Average bond energy }(\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol})} \\ {\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{H}} & {500} \\\ {\mathrm{O}=\mathrm{O}} & {500} \\ {\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}} & {500}\end{array}\) (A) \(-2,000 \mathrm{kJ}\) (B) \(-500 \mathrm{kJ}\) (C) \(+1,000 \mathrm{kJ}\) (D) \(+2,000 \mathrm{kJ}\)

\(2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g)\) 4.0 \(\mathrm{mol}\) of gaseous \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) and 6.0 mol of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) gas are allowed to react in a sealed container.